Blockchain

Validators approved Alpenglow with a 98.27 percent yes vote in September 2025, and it went live on a community test cluster in May 2026 — the largest consensus overhaul any major chain has attempted post-launch. This course covers what Proof of History and Tower BFT actually did, what replaces them, the '20+20' resilience model, and why moving votes off-chain is the change with the biggest practical impact.